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HMS X1
HM Submarine ''X1'' was conceived and designed as a submersible commerce raider for the Royal Navy; at the time of her launching she was the largest submarine in the world. The idea of a submarine cruiser had been proposed as early as 1915, but was not put into practice until 1921. ''X1'', which was based on the uncompleted German ''U-173'' class of 2,000-ton "U-cruisers", was laid down on 2 November 1921 at the Naval Dockyard Chatham and completed on 23 September 1925, commissioning in December 1925.
The 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, of which Britain was a signatory, did not ban submarines but it did ban their use against merchant ships, which was ''X1''s unacknowledged purpose; its armament had been designed to successfully engage the classes of vessels likely to be escorting convoys, such as destroyers and frigates. Therefore, a certain amount of secrecy surrounded ''X1'', the government even going to the lengths of taking a national newspaper to court over its pictures of the new submarine following her launch, all copies of the paper being seized.
==Description==
The ''X1''s thick pressure hull was in diameter amidships, and was divided into 10 water-tight compartments. This was almost completely surrounded by her external hull, which also contained the main ballast tanks and most of her fuel. Her intended maximum diving depth was , but was reduced to once in service.〔Brown 1982, p. 232〕
She was expected to sink her targets using gunfire and so was given four guns to be able to defeat a destroyer or armed merchant ship, although she was fitted with six bow tubes for to supplement her guns.〔Akermann 2002, p. 217〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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